The “Consequence Metrics vs.Time Period of the Measurement“ figure shows consequence- based metrics segmented by timing. It was developed by a subcommittee of the IRI’s Research-on-Research committee in the early 1990s and provides a good set of measures for incremental R&D activities aimed primarily at a stakeholder with a financial or quality perspective. The subcommittee found that these reduced set of measures best described the linkage between R&D activities, R&D outputs and company outcomes. These metric have stood up over the decades as the best ones to use for measuring incremental innovation. For details of the metrics, see Appendix 1 at the end of this Chapter.